Future Perfect
The future perfect is used to express the idea that an action will be completed in the future, before another
event or before another specific time in the future. The future perfect is formed with will have + past participle.
By the time my children are grown, scientists will have found a solution to global warming.
The car company will have introduced their new models by November.
Future Perfect Progressive
The future perfect progressive is used to focus on the duration of an action that will be happening in the future
before another time or event happens in the future. The future perfect progressive is formed with
will have + been + present participle.
By the year 2020, people will have been flying for 117 years.
Note: Sometimes either the future perfect or the future perfect progressive can be used to express the same idea.
By 2020, I will have been living in Sao Paulo for 15 years.
By 2020, I will have lived in Sao Paulo for 15 years.
The Future with Dependent Time Clauses
We can talk about a future event using a time clause with when, before, after, while, until, and since. A present
tense verb form (not a future form) is used in the time clause, and will or be going to are used in the main clause.
My father will keep using his old-fashioned cord phone until it breaks.
When he finishes working on his invention, he’s going to let me try it out.
Form, Meaning and Function
Simple Present Tense
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Simple Present of the Verb Be and Information Questions
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Simple Past of the Verb Be and Be Born
Q: Where were you born? A: I was born in Oman.
Q: Where was he/she born? A: He/She was born in Kuwait.
Simple Past with Regular and Irregular Verbs
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