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Present and Past ParticiplesUse a participle clause to give more information. Use the present participle (the –ing form) when the
meaning is active.
Companies selling beauty products understand the importance most societies place on appearance.
People arriving early will be given priority seating.
Use the past participle (the –ed form) when the meaning is passive.
The cosmetics industry, built around making people look and feel more beautiful, is worth a billion dollars.
The jewelry stolen last week has been found.
Participle Clauses With Conjunctions and Prepositions
Use the –ing form of the verb after these conjunctions and prepositions: while, before, after, on, without, instead of.
While working out at the gym, he saw an old school friend.
Before exercising, you should have a medical check up.
On arriving at the school, you should give your name to the person on the front desk.
Instead of going to the gym, he decided to play football.
Past and Present Participial Adjectives
The past participle and the present participle forms of a verb can also be used as adjectives.
Past participles generally end in -ed (but can also end in -d, -t, -en, or -n) and describe
how someone feels.
Mariam and Mona were excited about visiting the new store.
Present participles always end in -ing and describe what causes the feeling.
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