Expressions of quantity: a few, a little, a lot of, much, many, enough

Expressions of Quantity:

A Few, A Little, A Lot of, Much, Many, Enough

Count Noncount

I eat a few carrots. I eat a little seafood.
I eat many vegetables. I don’t eat much bread.
How many bananas do you eat? How much milk do you drink?
Use a lot of and enough for both count and noncount nouns.
I eat a lot of eggs, but I don’t eat a lot of bread. I don’t eat enough fruit.

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Pronouns: something, anything, nothing

Pronouns: Something, Anything, Nothing

I have something for lunch. I don’t have anything for lunch.

I have nothing for lunch.

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Sequence words: first, then, after that, finally

Sequence Words: 

First, Then, After That, Finally

First, you mix the flour and the eggs. Then you add a little butter.

After that, you put in a teaspoon of baking powder. Finally, you let it rise.

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Reflexive pronouns

Form, Meaning and Function

Reflexive Pronouns

Use the reflexive pronoun when the subject and the object are the same person.

I myself we ourselves

you yourself you yourselves

he himself

she herself they themselves

it itself

Note: 

You can also use the reflexive pronoun to say that you did something

without anyone’s help: I made the cake myself.

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Conjunctions: because, so

Because versus So

The subordinate conjunction because introduces a reason—it tells why.

The conjunction so introduces a consequence or a result.

You should eat a good breakfast because it gives you energy.

We didn’t have anything to eat at home, so we went out for dinner.

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Present perfect tense versus simple past

Present Perfect Tense versus Simple Past

Use the present perfect to talk about an action that happened in the past when the exact time

isn’t known or important. Use the past tense when the exact time is given.

Present Perfect Past

A: Have you ever been to France? A: When were you there?

B: Yes, I’ve been there. B: I was there two years ago.

Present Perfect with For and Since

Use the present perfect with for and since to talk about an action that began in the past and

that continues into the present.

For indicates the period of time: for two months, for a year, for a long time.

Since indicates when the action began: since yesterday, since last June.

Affirmative (+)

I’ve (I + have)

You’ve (you + have)

He’s studied English for five years. (he + has)

She’s since third grade. (she + has)

We’ve (we + have)

They’ve (they + have)

Negative (–)

I/You/We/They haven’t received an email for two days.

He/She hasn’t since Tuesday.

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Questions with how long

Question with How Long

How long have you played football?

I’ve played football for three years.

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Passive—simple present, present perfect, simple past

Form, Meaning and Function

The Passive

We use the passive to emphasize the action and not who or what does it.

To make the passive, we use the verb be and a past participle.*

Simple Present: Millions of people use the Internet. (active)

The Internet is used by millions of people. (passive)

Present Perfect: Technology has changed our lives. (active)

Our lives have been changed by technology. (passive)

Simple Past: Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone. (active)

The telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell. (passive)

The person or thing that does the action is the agent. When we want to show the agent,

we use by + the agent. When the agent is not necessary, we leave it out.

A thief stole my bike.

My bike was stolen. (by a thief is not necessary)

Someone has broken the window.

The window has been broken. (by someone is not necessary)

The boys broke the window.

The window was broken by the boys. (necessary)

* See page 82 for a list of the past participles of irregular verbs.

-

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Comparative and superlative forms of adjectives

-

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Comparisons with as . . . as

-

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Indirect questions

-

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Super Goal 3 سوبر قول Information Questions شرح - بالعربي - ثاني متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Information Questions:

How, What, When, Where, Who, Why

How’s it going? (How + is) Fine, thanks.

What’s your last name? (What + is) It’s Al Zahrani.

When’s the festival? (When + is) It’s in February.

Where’s your friend from? (Where + is) He’s from Jeddah.

Who’s that tall man? (Who + is) That’s my uncle.

Why’s he here? (Why + is) He’s here for the festival.

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Super Goal 3 سوبر قول- Prepositions of place شرح - بالعربي - ثاني متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Form, Meaning and Function

Prepositions of Place:

across from, between, next to, on, near, far from

The park is across from the

school.

The bank is between the post

office and the restaurant.

The pharmacy is next to

the bookstore.

The bus stop is on the corner. The museum is near the hotel. The airport is far from town.

Asking for and Giving Directions

Can you tell me where [the nearest bank] is?

Excuse me. Where is [the Art Museum]?

Is this the right way to [the subway station]?

How can I get to the [post office]?

Turn right onto Park Avenue.

Turn left at the next corner.

Go straight ahead for two blocks.

Go east on Second Street.

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Super Goal 3 سوبر قول 3 - شرح Present progressive بالعربي - ثاني متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Simple Present of the Verb Be

Use the simple present of the verb be to talk about situations and events that exist in the

present or that are always true.

I’m on vacation. Riyadh is in Saudi Arabia.

Yes-No Questions (?) Short Answers (+) Short Answers (–)

Are you here on vacation? Yes, I am. No, I’m not.

Is Ahmed happy in his new job? Yes, he is. No, he isn’t.

Is it very cold in your country? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.

Is the museum open on Sundays? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.

Are you here for the festival? Yes, we are. No, we aren’t.

Are they from Egypt? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.

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Super Goal 3 سوبر قول 3 - شرح - بالعربي - ثاني متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Form, Meaning and Function

Imperatives

Use the imperative for commands and instructions.

Say please to be polite.

Affirmative (+) 

Negative (−)

Sit down. / Please sit down. Don’t sit down. / Please don’t sit down.

Also use the imperative to give advice.

Try the pizza. It’s excellent. Don’t have the soup. It tastes terrible.

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Super Goal 3 سوبر قول 3 - شرح Prepositions بالعربي - ثاني متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Prepositions: inside, outside, in front of, behind, away, over, under

The mouse is inside the box.

The cat is outside the box.

The mouse is in front of the cat.

The cat is behind the mouse.

The mouse is running away.

The cat is over the mouse.

The mouse is under the cat.

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Super Goal 3 سوبر قول 3 - شرح Simple present tense بالعربي - ثاني متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Simple Present Tense

Use the simple present to talk about things that are true in general or that happen all the time.

Affirmative (+) 

Negative (–)

You You

We in a hospital. We work in a hospital.

They They

He works He doesn’t

She She

There is an s ending on verbs for the third person singular (for he, she, it).

Add -es for verbs that end in s, x, ch, or sh: dresses, fixes, teaches, washes.

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Super Goal 3 سوبر قول 3 - شرح Wh- questions in the simple present بالعربي - ثاني متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Wh- Questions in the Simple Present

Q: Where does he/she work? 

Q: Where do you/they work? 

Q: What do you do?

A: He/She works in a hospital. 

A: I/They work in a hospital. 

A: I’m a salesperson.

What do you do? usually means “What’s your job?”

Professions and Verbs Noun Endings: -er, -ist, -or

The names of many jobs are like the verbs. Many names for people’s jobs have these endings.

a teacher—teaches a driver—drives -er: driver, photographer, reporter, waiter

a player—plays a translator—translates -ist: receptionist, scientist, dentist, journalist

a designer—designs a writer—writes -or: actor, director, doctor, translator

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Super Goal 3 سوبر قول 3 - شرح Verb want + infinitive بالعربي - ثاني متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Verb Want + Infinitive

Q: What do you want to be? Q: What does he want to be?

A: I want to be an engineer. A: He wants to be a pilot.

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Super Goal 3 سوبر قول 3 - شرح Relative pronouns: who, that, which بالعربي - ثاني متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Form, Meaning and Function

Relative Pronouns: Who, That, Which

Relative clauses add information about a noun in the main clause.

Use the relative pronoun who or that for people.

Use the relative pronoun that or which for things and animals.

The waiter is serving the customers. He is friendly.

The waiter who/that is serving the customers is friendly. (relative clause)

My uncle works in a factory. The factory makes cars.

My uncle works in a factory that/which makes cars. (relative clause)

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Super Goal 3 سوبر قول 3 - شرح Questions with how often بالعربي - ثاني متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Questions with How often? 

Frequency Expressions: once a week, etc.

How often do you work out? I work out every day / once a week /

twice a week / three times a week.

Adverbs of Frequency:

always, often, never, usually, sometimes, seldom

Q: What does she usually do on Thursdays? 

Q: What do you sometimes do at night?

A: She usually goes shopping. 

A: I sometimes go out.

Adverbs of frequency usually come after the verb be or before other verbs.

However, you can say Sometimes I go out or I sometimes go out.

Know How To

I know how to ski. (= I can ski.) I don’t know how to ski. (= I can’t ski.)

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Gerunds and infinitives after verbs

Form, Meaning and Function

Gerunds after Verbs

Gerunds are the -ing form of a verb. They act like nouns and answer the question what.

I recommend playing basketball as a hobby.

He enjoys skateboarding in the park.

We use gerunds after certain verbs and phrases, such as:

can’t stand feel like love spend time

dislike hate prefer suggest

enjoy like recommend

Infinitives after Verbs

An infinitive is to + the base form of a verb. Like gerunds, infinitives act like nouns and answer the question what.

The verbs like, love, hate, and prefer can go with either a gerund or an infinitive.

I like to watch TV, but I prefer to play games online.

We use infinitives after certain verbs and phrases, such as:

hate like prefer would like

hope love want would love

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Super Goal 3 سوبر قول 3 Count / Noncount nouns شرح - بالعربي - ثاني متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Count/Noncount Nouns

Count nouns name things that you can count: one carrot, two carrots, etc. They have singular and plural forms.

Singular Count Nouns 

Plural Count Nouns

a burger two burgers

an egg three eggs

Noncount nouns name things that you can’t count: rice, tea. They don’t use a/an. They don’t have plural forms.

Some nouns can be count or noncount: a salad or some salad; a soup or some soup.

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Super Goal 3 سوبر قول 3 Expressions of quantity: some/any شرح - بالعربي - ثاني متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Expressions of Quantity: Some / Any

Use some in affirmative statements.

Use any in negative statements and in questions.

Use some/any with noncount nouns and with plural nouns.

Affirmative (+) 

Negative (–) 

Questions (?)

There is some juice. There isn’t any juice. Is there any juice?

There are some fries. There aren’t any fries. Are there any fries?

Sometimes some is used in questions for offers.

Do you want some pizza? How about some coffee?

Would Like

Use would like for preferences.

Q: What would you like? Q: Would you like some mustard on it?

A: I’d like a steak sandwich. A: Yes, please. / No, thank you.

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Super Goal 3 سوبر قول 3 - شرح Partitives بالعربي - ثاني متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Partitives

We say: a bottle of juice, a cup of coffee, a glass of water, a piece of cake.

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Super Goal 3 سوبر قول 3 - شرح - بالعربي Too/Enough ثاني متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Form, Meaning and Function

Too and Enough

Too can be placed before adjectives.

I don’t like the soup. It’s too salty.

Too much can be placed before noncount nouns and too many before count nouns.

I don’t like the soup. There’s too much salt in it.

I don’t like the soup. There are too many carrots in it.

Enough can be placed after adjectives.

Don’t add more salt. The soup is salty enough.

Enough can be placed before count and noncount nouns.

We have enough eggs, but we don’t have enough sugar.

A phrase with too or enough can be followed by an infinitive phrase.

The soup is too hot to eat.

I have enough vegetables to make a salad.

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Super Goal 3 سوبر قول 3 - شرح Simple past tense: regular / irregular verbs بالعربي - ثاني متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Simple Past Tense: be

I We

He was at home. You were at home.

She They

Information Questions (?) Affirmative (+) Negative (–)

How was the museum tour? It was good. It wasn’t good.

How was the guide? He/She was great. He/She wasn’t great.

What were the exhibits like? They were very good. They weren’t very good.

Yes-No Questions (?) Short Answers (+) Short Answers (–)

Was the game exciting? Yes, it was. No, it wasn’t.

Were the players good? Yes, they were. No, they weren’t.

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Super Goal 3 سوبر قول 3 - شرح Simple past tense: be بالعربي - ثاني متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Simple Past Tense: Regular and Irregular Verbs

Information Questions (?) 

Affirmative (+) 

Negative (–)

What did you do last weekend? I stayed home. I didn’t stay home.

Where did they go on Thursday? They went to the beach. They didn’t go to the beach.

Yes-No Questions (?) Short Answers (+) Short Answers (–)

Did you/he/they like the museum? Yes, I/he/they did. No, I/he/they didn’t.

Regular past tense verbs end in -ed in the affirmative. Most English verbs are regular.

Irregular Past Forms

buy—bought eat—ate go—went meet—met swim—swam

come—came feel—felt have—had ride—rode take—took

do—did fly—flew know—knew see—saw win—won

drink—drank get—got leave—left sleep—slept write—wrote

drive—drove give—gave make—made spend—spent

Note: See the list of irregular verbs on page 83.

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Intensifiers with adjectives

Intensifiers with Strong Adjectives

Strong adjectives are words like:

enormous; huge = very big tiny = very small

brilliant = very clever certain = very sure

excellent; wonderful; great = very good awful; terrible = very bad

fantastic; amazing; awesome = very good delicious = very tasty

We do not use very with strong adjectives. We can use adverbs like

absolutely, completely, totally, really, pretty, and quite.

The cake is very tasty. The cake is absolutely delicious.

Are you really sure? Are you totally/quite certain?

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Super Goal 3 سوبر قول 3 - شرح There was/There were بالعربي - ثاني متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

There Was / There Were

Singular Plural

There was an accident. (+) There were three accidents this week. (+)

There wasn’t a traffic light. (–) There weren’t many cars in the street. (–)

Why / Because

Q: Why are you worried? Q: Why did the driver start to shout?

A: Because I have a test tomorrow. A: Because he was angry.

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Super Goal 3 سوبر قول 3 - شرح Adverb: Ago بالعربي - ثاني متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Adverb: Ago

They saw Ahmed in his office 10 minutes ago.

عودة لفهرس { شرح قواعد 3 Super Goal }

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لزياة القناة { قناة ثمرات اللغة }

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Super Goal 3 - شرح Pronouns: someone, no one, nothing, anything بالعربي - ثاني متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Pronouns: Someone, No One, Nothing, Anything

Someone helped the driver get out of the car. Did you hear anything?

Fortunately, no one was hurt in the accident. I didn’t hear anything. I was asleep.

And nothing was wrong with the car.

عودة لفهرس { شرح قواعد 3 Super Goal }

أو العودة لـ { كل شيء عن منهج Super Goal }

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Super Goal 3 سوبر قول 3 - شرح Conjunctions: because, so بالعربي - ثاني متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

11 Form, Meaning and Function

Because versus So

The subordinate conjunction because introduces a reason—it tells why.

The conjunction so introduces a consequence or a result.

Most accidents happen because people don’t pay attention.

He didn’t see the stop sign, so he caused an accident.

----

So and Neither

So… and Neither both show agreement with the speaker.

So… shows agreement with an affirmative statement.

Neither… shows agreement with a negative statement.

A: I’m a careful driver. A: I’m not tired right now.

B: So am I. B: Neither am I.

A: I have some good news. A: I never lose my cool.

B: So do I. B: Neither do I.

A: I just heard a crash. A: I didn’t watch the news last night.

B: So did I. B: Neither did I.

عودة لفهرس { شرح قواعد 3 Super Goal }

أو العودة لـ { كل شيء عن منهج Super Goal }

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Super Goal 3 سوبر قول 3 - شرح Should/Shouldn’t بالعربي - ثاني متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Should/Shouldn’t

Use should/shouldn’t to give and ask for advice.

Q: What should I do about my bad grades? Q: What should I do when I have a stomachache?

A: You should study more. A: You shouldn’t eat so much.

عودة لفهرس { شرح قواعد 3 Super Goal }

أو العودة لـ { كل شيء عن منهج Super Goal }

لزياة القناة { قناة ثمرات اللغة }

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Super Goal 3 سوبر قول 3 - شرح Clauses with when بالعربي - ثاني متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Clauses with When

Q: What do you do when you have a cold? 

Q: What did you do when you had the flu?

A: I usually take some aspirin. A: I stayed in bed.

عودة لفهرس { شرح قواعد 3 Super Goal }

أو العودة لـ { كل شيء عن منهج Super Goal }

لزياة القناة { قناة ثمرات اللغة }

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Super Goal 3- شرح Subject/object pronouns and possessive adjectives/pronouns بالعربي - ثاني متوسط

Form, Meaning and Function

جدول

Subject + Verb + Object

Subject Pronouns take the place of the subject in a sentence. They come before the verb.

Tom likes football. He likes football.

Object Pronouns take the place of the object in a sentence. They come after the verb.

Tom likes football. He likes it.

Possessive Adjectives show who owns something. They go before a noun.

Tom’s favorite sport is football. His favorite sport is football.

Possessive Pronouns show ownership. They take the place of a noun.

It’s not Tom’s football. It’s my football. It’s not his. It’s mine.

عودة لفهرس { شرح قواعد 3 Super Goal }

أو العودة لـ { كل شيء عن منهج Super Goal }

لزياة القناة { قناة ثمرات اللغة }

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Super Goal 1 سوبر قول 1 - شرح بالعربي Possessives: ‘s المُلكية - أول متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Possessives: ’s

عودة لفهرس { شرح قواعد 1 Super Goal }

أو العودة لـ { كل شيء عن منهج Super Goal }

لزياة { قناة ثمرات اللغة }

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Super Goal 1 سوبر قول 1 - شرح بالعربي Question words: How many, Who كلمات السؤال - أول متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Question Words: How many, Who

Q: How many cousins do you have? A: I have a lot of cousins.

Q: Who are these children? A: They’re my cousins.

عودة لفهرس { شرح قواعد 1 Super Goal }

أو العودة لـ { كل شيء عن منهج Super Goal }

لزياة { قناة ثمرات اللغة }

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Super Goal 1 سوبر قول 1 - شرح بالعربي Regular and irregular plural nouns - أول متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Form, Meaning and Function

Regular and Irregular Plural Nouns

Regular Plural Nouns

To make a noun plural, add -s at the end of the word.

book books bike bikes

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Super Goal 1 سوبر قول 1 - شرح بالعربي There is/There are - أول متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

There is / There are

Singular Plural

Affirmative (+)

There is (or There’s) a table in the kitchen. There are four people at the table.

Negative (–)

There isn’t a bathroom downstairs. There aren’t trees in front of the house.

Questions (?) Short Answers (+) Short Answers (–)

Is there a table in the kitchen? Yes, there is. No, there isn’t.

Are there flowers on the table? Yes, there are. No, there aren’t.

 

عودة لفهرس { شرح قواعد 1 Super Goal }

أو العودة لـ { كل شيء عن منهج Super Goal }

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Super Goal 1 سوبر قول 1 - شرح بالعربي Prepositions: in, in front of, behind, on, under - أول متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Prepositions: in, in front of, behind, on, under

The mouse is in the box. The mouse is in front of the cat. The cat is on the balcony.

The cat is behind the mouse. The mouse is under the balcony.

 

عودة لفهرس { شرح قواعد 1 Super Goal }

أو العودة لـ { كل شيء عن منهج Super Goal }

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Super Goal 1 سوبر قول 1 - شرح بالعربي Conjunctions: and, but, or - أول متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Coordinating Conjunctions: and, but, or

Conjunctions connect words and ideas in a sentence.

Use and to connect words and ideas that are similar.

There is a sofa, an armchair, and a table in the living room.

We read and write in class.

Use but to connect contrasting ideas.

I can speak English, but I can’t speak French.

There are flowers in the garden, but there aren’t any trees.

Use or when there is a choice.

You can sit on the sofa or the armchair.

You can write the word or draw a picture.

 

عودة لفهرس { شرح قواعد 1 Super Goal }

أو العودة لـ { كل شيء عن منهج Super Goal }

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Super Goal 1 سوبر قول 1 - شرح بالعربي Verb: live + preposition - أول متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Verb: live + Preposition

Where do you live? I live in Jeddah. (city)

I live on the third floor. (building)

I live on First Avenue. (street)

 

عودة لفهرس { شرح قواعد 1 Super Goal }

أو العودة لـ { كل شيء عن منهج Super Goal }

لزياة { قناة ثمرات اللغة }

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Super Goal 1 سوبر قول 1 - شرح بالعربي Prepositions of place: across from, between, next to, on, near, far from - أول متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Prepositions of Place: across from, between, next to, on, near, far from

The park is across from

the school.

The bank is between the post

office and the restaurant.

The pharmacy is next to

the bookstore.

The bus stop is on

the corner.

The museum is near

the hotel.

The airport is far from town.

Imperatives for Directions

Turn left. 

Turn right. 

Go straight.

 Go up.

 Go down.

 

عودة لفهرس { شرح قواعد 1 Super Goal }

أو العودة لـ { كل شيء عن منهج Super Goal }

لزياة { قناة ثمرات اللغة }

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Super Goal 1 سوبر قول 1 - شرح بالعربي Quantity expressions: any, a lot of/lots of - أول متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Quantity Expressions: any, a lot of/lots of

Q: Do you have any brothers and sisters? 

A: No, I don’t have any brothers and sisters.

Q: Do you have any cousins? 

A: Yes, I have a lot of (lots of) cousins.

عودة لفهرس { شرح قواعد 1 Super Goal }

أو العودة لـ { كل شيء عن منهج Super Goal }

لزياة { قناة ثمرات اللغة }

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Super Goal 1 سوبر قول 1 - شرح بالعربي Verb: have - أول متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Verb: have

FYI

don’t = do not

doesn’t = does not

Affirmative (+) 

Negative (–)

Questions (?) 

Short Answers (+) 

Short Answers (–)

عودة لفهرس { شرح قواعد 1 Super Goal }

أو العودة لـ { كل شيء عن منهج Super Goal }

لزياة { قناة ثمرات اللغة }

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Super Goal 1 سوبر قول 1 - شرح بالعربي Can/will for requests and offers - أول متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Form, Meaning and Function

Requests and Offers: Can / Will

Use can or will for requests.

Request Agree Refuse

Will you help me? Sure. Sorry. I’m busy.

Will you be my partner? Of course. Sorry. I can’t.

Can you open the window? OK.

Can you give me a pencil? No problem.

Use can or will for offers.

Offer Accept Refuse

I can help you. Thank you. No thanks.

I will be your partner. All right. No, that’s all right.

I will open the window. OK. No, that’s OK.

I can give you a pencil. Thanks.

Be polite. Say please, thank you, and you’re welcome.

عودة لفهرس { شرح قواعد 1 Super Goal }

أو العودة لـ { كل شيء عن منهج Super Goal }

لزياة { قناة ثمرات اللغة }

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Super Goal 1 سوبر قول 1 - شرح بالعربي Prepositions: from, in, on - أول متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Prepositions: from, in, on

Sally is from England. Mr. Omar is here on business.

Rome is in Italy. Pat is on vacation.

عودة لفهرس { شرح قواعد 1 Super Goal }

أو العودة لـ { كل شيء عن منهج Super Goal }

لزياة { قناة ثمرات اللغة }

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Super Goal 1 سوبر قول 1 - شرح بالعربي Question word: where - أول متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Question Word: Where

Where are you/they from?

is he/she/it

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أو العودة لـ { كل شيء عن منهج Super Goal }

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Super Goal 1 سوبر قول 1 - شرح بالعربي الفعل كُن Verb: be - أول متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

FYI

isn’t = is not, aren’t = are not

Verb: be

Negative (–)

Questions (?) 

Short Answers (+) 

Short Answers (–)

Question Word: Where

Prepositions: from, in, on

عودة لفهرس { شرح قواعد 1 Super Goal }

أو العودة لـ { كل شيء عن منهج Super Goal }

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Super Goal 1 سوبر قول 1 - شرح بالعربي The Definite Article: the - أول متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

The Definite Article: the

The definite article the comes before singular and plural nouns.

the student the students

Use the for specific objects or people that were introduced before or that are known.

Do not use the with plural nouns when talking in general.

He is a tourist. The tourist is in New York.

Where are the students? They’re at the art museum.

Teachers work at schools.

Use the for objects that are one of a kind.

the Earth the sun the moon

the stars the sky the sea

Use the with the names of oceans, seas, rivers, mountain ranges, deserts, groups of states, and monuments.

the Red Sea the Amazon the Eiffel Tower the National Museum

the Arabian Desert the Alps the United States the Pacific Ocean

Do not use the with proper names, possessive adjectives, months, days of the week, meals, games, sports, or with the words home, school, work, business, and vacation when used for their purpose.

Fahd is my brother. He is in Dubai on business. Let’s play tennis after lunch.

عودة لفهرس { شرح قواعد 1 Super Goal }

أو العودة لـ { كل شيء عن منهج Super Goal }

لزياة { قناة ثمرات اللغة }

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Super Goal 1 سوبر قول 1 - شرح بالعربي Indefinite Articles: a / an - أول متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Indefinite Articles: a / an

The indefinite articles a/an come before singular nouns.

Use a before words that begin with a consonant sound: a radio, a calculator, a painting.

Use an before words that begin with a vowel sound: an airplane, an English class.

عودة لفهرس { شرح قواعد 1 Super Goal }

أو العودة لـ { كل شيء عن منهج Super Goal }

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Super Goal 1 سوبر قول 1 - شرح بالعربي Imperatives الأوامر - أول متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Imperatives

Use the imperative for commands and instructions.

Say please to be polite.

Affirmative (+) Negative (−)

Sit down. / Please sit down. Don’t sit down. / Please don’t sit down.

Also use the imperative to give advice.

Buy those posters. They’re nice. Don’t buy that painting. It’s strange.

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Super Goal 1 سوبر قول 1 - شرح بالعربي ضمائر الإشارة Demonstrative pronouns: this/that/these/those - أول متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Demonstrative Pronouns: this / that / these / those

Singular Plural

this these Use this/these for things near you.

that those Use that/those for things far from you.

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Super Goal 1 سوبر قول 1 - شرح قاعدة Prepositions: in, on with dates حروف الجر للتاريخ , بالعربي - أول متوسط, الفصل الدراسي الأول

Prepositions: in, on with Dates

Use in with months and on with dates and days of the week.

The final test is in September. The final test is on September 21st.

English classes are on Mondays and Wednesdays.

===================

Demonstrative Pronouns: this / that / these / those

Singular Plural

this these Use this/these for things near you.

that those Use that/those for things far from you.

Imperatives

Use the imperative for commands and instructions.

Say please to be polite.

Affirmative (+) 

Sit down. / Please sit down. 

Also use the imperative to give advice.

Buy those posters. They’re nice. 

Negative (−)

Don’t sit down. / Please don’t sit down.

Don’t buy that painting. It’s strange.

Indefinite Articles: a / an

The indefinite articles a/an come before singular nouns.

Use a before words that begin with a consonant sound: a radio, a calculator, a painting.

Use an before words that begin with a vowel sound: an airplane, an English class.

FYI

The vowels are a, e, i, o, u.

The Definite Article: the

The definite article the comes before singular and plural nouns.

the student the students

===========================

Verb: be

FYI

isn’t = is not, aren’t = are not

Negative (–)

Questions (?) 

Short Answers (+) 

Short Answers (–)

Question Word: Where

Prepositions: from, in, on

======================

Requests and Offers: Can / Will

Use can or will for requests.

Use can or will for offers.

======================

Verb: have

FYI

don’t = do not

doesn’t = does not

Affirmative (+)

Negative (–)

Questions (?) 

Short Answers (+) 

Short Answers (–)

Quantity Expressions: any, a lot of/lots of

Possessives: ’s

Question Words: How many, Who

======================

Regular and Irregular Plural Nouns

Regular Plural Nouns

To make a noun plural, add -s at the end of the word.

book books bike bikes

====================

There is / There are

Singular Plural

Affirmative (+)

There is (or There’s) a table in the kitchen. There are four people at the table.

Negative (–)

There isn’t a bathroom downstairs. There aren’t trees in front of the house.

Questions (?) Short Answers (+) Short Answers (–)

Is there a table in the kitchen? Yes, there is. No, there isn’t.

Are there flowers on the table? Yes, there are. No, there aren’t.

Prepositions: in, in front of, behind, on, under

The mouse is in the box. The mouse is in front of the cat. The cat is on the balcony.

The cat is behind the mouse. The mouse is under the balcony.

===========

Form, Meaning and Function

Coordinating Conjunctions: and, but, or

Conjunctions connect words and ideas in a sentence.

Use and to connect words and ideas that are similar.

There is a sofa, an armchair, and a table in the living room.

We read and write in class.

Use but to connect contrasting ideas.

I can speak English, but I can’t speak French.

There are flowers in the garden, but there aren’t any trees.

Use or when there is a choice.

You can sit on the sofa or the armchair.

You can write the word or draw a picture.

=======

Verb: live + Preposition

Where do you live? I live in Jeddah. (city)

I live on the third floor. (building)

I live on First Avenue. (street)

Prepositions of Place: across from, between, next to, on, near, far from

The park is across from the school.

The bank is between the post office and the restaurant.

The pharmacy is next to the bookstore.

The bus stop is on the corner.

The museum is near the hotel.

The airport is far from town.

Imperatives for Directions

Turn left. Turn right. 

Go straight. Go up. Go down.

===========================

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